一种基于SiP的Ku波段T/R组件设计

    Design of Ku Band T/R Module Based on SiP Packaging

    • 摘要: 针对有源相控阵系统T/R组件高密度集成、小型化、轻量化的工程化需求,在突破传统砖块式T/R组件的平铺结构、新型片式T/R组件的叠层结构的基础上,文中研制出一款四通道高密度混合集成的基于系统级封装(SiP)的Ku波段T/R组件。该组件对外接口采用BGA球栅阵列,替代常规SMP等连接器实现信号互联,成本更低、体积更小、结构更加紧凑、剖面高度更低。BGA球直接通过焊接方式与外部电路连接,减少了对射频电缆、低频电缆的应用,互联方式更加自由,便于雷达系统的无缆化、可重构多功能设计。该组件在设计过程中通过引用传递函数的思想,提出一种T/R组件在狭小空间高密度集成环境下的稳定性设计方法,该方法可有效地分析解决T/R组件在高密度集成环境下因多物理场等因素引起的不稳定问题。文中详细给出该T/R组件的原理设计、电路设计、低损耗传输互联设计等,根据天线单元布阵需求,该组件结构尺寸为13.5 mm×15.0 mm×2.8 mm(含BGA焊球的高度),对该组件实物进行加工、测试验证,组件的组装工艺可靠、可制造性好、幅相等指标一致性好,可满足相控阵雷达工程化应用。

       

      Abstract: In response to the engineering requirements of high-density integration, miniaturization, and lightweight of T/R modules in active phased array systems, a four channel high-density hybrid integrated Ku band T/R module based on SiP packaging has been developed on the basis of breaking through the traditional Brick-type structure of T/R modules and the stacked structure of tile-type T/R modules. The external interface of this T/R module uses BGA ball grid array to replace conventional SMP connectors for signal interconnection, resulting in lower cost, smaller volume, more compact structure, and lower profile height, The BGA ball is directly connected to the external circuit through welding, reducing the application of RF and low-frequency cables, making the interconnection more free and convenient for the cable free, reconfigurable, and multifunctional design of radar systems. In the design process of this component, a stability design method for T/R module in a narrow and high-density integrated environment is proposed by referencing the idea of transfer functions in control theory. This method effectively solves the instability problem caused by multiple physical fields and other factors in T/R modules in high-density integrated environments. The principle design, circuit design, and low loss transmission interconnection design of the T/R module are detailed in the article. According to the antenna unit layout requirements, the structural size of the module is 13.5 mm×15.0 mm× 2.8 mm (including the height of BGA solder ball), processed and tested on the actual component. The assembly process of the component is reliable, has good manufacturability, and has good consistency in amplitude equality indicators, which can meet the engineering application of phased array radar.

       

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