无人车载多天线强电磁脉冲耦合分析

    Analysis of Multi-antenna Electromagnetic Coupling of Strong Electromagnetic Pulse in Unmanned Vehicles

    • 摘要: 针对复杂电磁环境下车载天线面临的电磁干扰问题,本文提出了一种车载多天线强电磁脉冲电磁耦合建模分析方法,分析了强电磁脉冲耦合机理,建立了无人车载多天线耦合模型,得到了不同角度干扰下天线端口耦合电流的规律。以车载北斗天线、VHF天线和UHF天线为分析对象,对比分析了强电磁脉冲辐照下多天线布局方式与天线端口耦合效应的关系。结果表明:(1)干扰电场方向与天线长度方向平行时,天线端口耦合电流较大;(2)在天线谐振点处,天线端口处所产生的耦合电流最严重;(3)工作频段相近时天线间的耦合明显增大,与鞭天线相比尺寸较小,北斗天线所产生的电磁耦合效应较小。本文提出的建模分析方法为无人作战装备强电磁脉冲天线耦合分析、建模仿真、改进优化等提供支撑。

       

      Abstract: In order to solve the problem of electromagnetic interference faced by vehicle-mounted antennas in complex electromagnetic environments, a modeling and analysis method for vehicle-mounted multi-antenna strong electromagnetic pulse electromagnetic coupling is proposed, the coupling mechanism of strong electromagnetic pulses is analyzed, an unmanned vehicle-mounted multi-antenna coupling model is established, and the law of antenna port coupling current under different angles of interference is obtained. Taking the vehicle-mounted Beidou antenna, VHF antenna and UHF antenna as the analysis objects, the relationship between the multi-antenna layout and the antenna port coupling effect under strong electromagnetic pulse irradiation is compared and analyzed. The results show that: (1) when the direction of the interfering electric field is parallel to the length of the antenna, the coupling current of the antenna port is larger, (2) the coupling current generated at the antenna port is the most serious at the resonance point of the antenna, and (3) the coupling between the antennas is significantly larger when the working frequency bands are similar, and the size is smaller than that of the whip antenna, and the electromagnetic coupling effect generated by the Beidou antenna is small. The modeling and analysis method proposed in this paper provides support for the coupling analysis, modeling and simulation, and improvement and optimization of strong electromagnetic pulse antennas of unmanned combat equipment.

       

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