一种星载高频转动天线高精度指向控制方法

    A High-precision Pointing Control Method for Spaceborne High-frequency Rotating Antenna

    • 摘要: 低轨卫星具有星地时延低、链路损耗小、系统容量高等特点,是天地一体化网络的重要组成部分。面对低轨卫星对大增益天线的使用需求,以及小波束角天线指向在轨快速对准和稳定跟踪的实现难点,本文首先介绍了坐标系选择、天线指向角定义方法,紧接着介绍了常规脉冲控制策略,最后提出了一种高精度指向的线性控制方法,可支持高增益机械转动天线高精度稳定跟踪,确保星地传输可靠性及高效性。该方法还集成了自主建链、软件限位等功能,可实现天线的健康管理及自主运行。仿真验证结果表明,该算法可实现天线在整个跟踪过程中指向角偏差不大于0.015°,可满足低轨卫星在轨的使用需求,特别适用于自主运行的大规模卫星星座。

       

      Abstract: Satellites in low earth orbit, which have many advantages such as low time-delay between space and ground, low link loss and high system capacity, play a key role in space-ground integrated network. High gain antennas are in high demand. However, it is difficult for small beam angle antennas to point rapidly and accurately and track stably. In order to solve the problem, a high-precision pointing linear control method is proposed, which is able to make high gain mechanical rotating antennas track quickly and stably, so that the reliability and efficiency of satellite-ground transmission can be assured. This article first introduces the selection of coordinate systems, the definition of antenna pointing angles, and conventional pulse control methods. After that, the high-precision pointing linear control method is proposed. Differing from conventional methods, the new method also integrates functions such as independent chain building and software limiting to make sure antennas' autonomous operation and management is available. The simulation verification results show that the algorithm can achieve an antenna pointing angle deviation of no more than 0.015 ° throughout the entire tracking process, which can meet the needs of satellites in low earth orbit, particularly suiting for large-scale satellite constellations.

       

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