基于零点乘积方法的大间距波束扫描阵列栅瓣对消机制

    Grating Lobe Cancellation Mechanism and Control Strategy for Large-spacing Arrays Based on Null Multiplication Method

    • 摘要: 大间距相控阵在降低系统成本、能耗与复杂性方面优势显著,但其宽角扫描时固有的栅瓣问题严重压缩了其应用范畴。为解决此技术瓶颈,本文提出一种基于“零点乘积”的栅瓣对消新机制。该机制将阵列划分为由零点可重构天线单元构成的子阵,通过系统性地协同子阵因子与单元方向图的零点,合成一个足够宽且可动态跟踪栅瓣位置的复合零陷,从而实现对栅瓣的有效抑制。本文详细分析了其物理原理,建立了栅瓣与零点宽度的映射关系,并设计了一款二维零点可重构天线单元以验证工程可行性。仿真结果表明:对于单元间距高达2.0λ的大间距阵列,该方法在±75°的宽角扫描范围内仍能实现高效栅瓣抑制,验证了该机制的高效性与实用性。

       

      Abstract: Large-spacing phased arrays offer significant advantages in reducing system cost, energy consumption and complexity, but their application is severely limited by inherent grating lobes during wide-angle scanning. To overcome this critical limitation, this paper introduces a novel "null multiplication" mechanism for grating lobe cancellation. The core principle involves partitioning the array into subarrays composed of null-reconfigurable antenna elements. It then systematically leverages the synergistic product of the nulls from the subarray factor and the element pattern to create a composite null. This synthesized null is sufficiently wide and can be dynamically steered to precisely track and suppress the grating lobes. This paper analyzes its physical principle in detail and establishes the mapping relationship between grating lobes and null width. A practical 2D null-reconfigurable element is designed to validate the concept. Simulation results demonstrate that for arrays with element spacing up to 2.0λ, the method achieves effective suppression within a wide ±75° scanning range, confirming its high efficiency and practicality.

       

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