相控阵高功率微波天线波束控制的设计与实验

    Design and Experiment of the High-power Microwave Phased Array Helical Antenna System and Its Beampattern Control

    • 摘要: 面向高功率微波系统对灵活目标、群目标以及离散目标场景的干扰、毁伤需求,本文通过利用伺服电机系统控制阵列中的螺旋单元旋转以改变单元相位,结合波束调控理论以及粒子群优化算法,实现了螺旋相控阵系统实物,完成了螺旋相控阵的波束合成、二维扫描、展宽以及双波束指向等波束调控应用,并在微波暗室中开展了实验测试。测试结果表明,螺旋相控阵系统可在±20°范围内精确地实现二维波束扫描,在波束未发生偏转、发生10°偏转及20°偏转时,高功率微波螺旋相控阵的实现增益分别为30.7 dBic、29.2 dBic和26 dBic;可实现6 dB波束宽度为31.1°(-15.6°~15.5°)的波束展宽,且在-14.1°和14.3°处分别实现22.5 dBic和23.3 dBic的双波束指向,上述测试结果与仿真结果具有较好的一致性。在螺旋相控阵波束合成、二维扫描以及波束展宽实验中,对应的波束角度均取得了圆极化效果;仅在双波束合成应用中,双波束对应波束角度的轴向轴比均大于3 dB,此时阵列已无圆极化辐射性能。基于螺旋相控阵系统的实验测试结果,对在不同波束控制应用条件下高功率微波系统的毁伤能力进行了理论计算和对比分析。该高功率微波螺旋相控阵系统可显著提高高功率微波系统的波束灵活性,在群目标和离散目标打击中具有重要价值。

       

      Abstract: To satisfy the requirements of the high-power microwave system on flexible targets, multi-targets and group target scenes for jamming and damage, for the first time in domestic, a helical phased array system, which involves particle swarm optimization to realize various beampattern synthesis, and a servo motor control system to enable the helical elements to rotate to the appointed positions, are designed, fabricated and measured in this papaer. The proposed antenna array can realize accurate beam scanning within ±20° by electrically controlling the rotation of its helical elements. The realized gain of the high-power microwave helical array is 30.7 dBic, 29.2 dBic and 26 dBic when the beam is not deflected, deflected by 10° and deflected by 20°, respectively. A beam broadening with a 6 dB beamwidth of 31.1° (-15.6°~15.5°) and double beam pointing of -14.1° (22.5 dBic) and 14.3° (23.3 dBic) are realized, while the measured results are in good agreement with the simulation ones. Circular polarization characteristics are achieved at corresponding angles in the beam forming, 2D scanning and broadening experiments except for double beam deflection application, where the circular polarization characteristics deteriorate notably and its axial ratios are over 3 dB at corresponding angles. Based on the measured beampattern synthesis results, theoretical calculation and contrastive analysis are conducted on the damage ability of the high-power microwave system under different beampattern control application conditions. The proposed prototype with multiple pattern synthesis strategies greatly improves the beam flexibility of the high-power microwave system and has an essential application value in the group targets and discrete targets damage.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回