载人航天用超小型脉冲行波管阴极的研究

    Cathode in Minitype Pulse TWT for Carry-Man Spaceflight

    • 摘要: 为了满足载人航天用超小型脉冲栅控行波管阴极工作温度低、发射电流密度大、阴极活性好及可靠性高等技术要求,本文研制了一种具有NiReIr 混合海绵及新型Ti 粉激活剂贮存活性物质的新型贮存式氧化物阴极,测试了该阴极的发射性能。结果表明,新型阴极具有良好的发射性能在该行波管中应用脉冲宽度8~10 μs,工作比1%,发射电流密度5~6 A/cm2,寿命1000 h;此外,为了缩短该阴极的启动时间对阴极结构及支撑带材料进行改进,改进后阴极加热功率3.6 W 在二极管试验中30 s 启动,成功用于某侦查卫星中。

       

      Abstract: In order to adapt the technical requirement of the cathode for the minitype pulse TWT used in carry-man spaceflight for low operation temperature, large emission current, good cathode activity and high reliability, a new type of reservoir oxide cathode is discussed in this paper, which includes the development of a Ni-Re-Ir sponge diffusion layer on the Ni net surface and a new Ti powder reservoir emission material. The results show that the new cathode have good emission performance which used in minitype pulse TWT providing 5~6A/cm2 emission current with 8~10μs pulse width and 1% duty cycle at 800℃ and 1000h lifetime. Furthermore, the cathode turn-on time is reduced to 30 second with 3.6 W heating power by improved the cathode structure and the knighthead material. And the improved cathode has successfully been used in some spy satellite TWT.

       

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