基于超导HEB混频器的太赫兹超宽带耦合电路设计

    Design of Terahertz Ultrawide Band Coupling Circuit Based on Superconducting Hot Electron Bolometer Mixer

    • 摘要: 超导HEB(Hot Electron Bolometer)热电子混频器是1THz以上灵敏度最高的相干探测器,为了进一步提高其灵敏度,有效减小射频信号在传输路径中的损耗,实现超导HEB混频器的超宽带混频功能,设计高耦合效率的射频匹配电路尤为重要。首先提出了混频器耦合电路的理论模型,然后采用三维电磁场仿真软件HFSS和类似于准光学天线的集总源法,设计了一种超宽带、低损耗的太赫兹信号耦合电路,对超导HEB混频器的嵌入阻抗在整个0.9~1.3THz的工作频带范围内进行了详细的分析。系统研究了低通滤波器中高低阻抗线结构,波导到微带转换中存在的高次模对射频信号传输的影响,并模拟仿真了实验中可能出现的磨片厚度误差对嵌入阻抗的影响。分析结果表明,该混频器的嵌入阻抗为35Ω-j10Ω左右,在整个工作频带内变化缓慢,能够实现超宽频带匹配,混频器的相对工作带宽可达到36%,仿真结果和理论模型计算结果完全一致。该研究结果对研制超宽带高灵敏度的超导HEB混频器具有很好的指导意义。

       

      Abstract: Superconducting hot electron bolometer mixer which is the highest sensitive coherent detector above 1 THz. In order to further improve the sensitivity and effectively reduce the loss of RF signal in the transmission path in ultrawide band, it is important to design a RF matching circuit with high coupling efficiency. This paper firstly presents a theoretical model for the feed point matching impedance, and employs a 3D electromagnetic simulation software (HFSS) to design an ultrabroadband and lowloss THz signal coupling circuit based on lumpedport source method similar to quasi optical antenna. Embedding impedance of the superconducting HEB mixer in the 0.9~1.3 THz has been studied in detail. The effect of low pass filter composed of high and low impedance lines, highorder modes in the probe structure from waveguide to microstrip, and chip thickness on the embedding impedance are investigated. In particular, we study the influence of slice tolerance of substrate thickness and feedpoint size on the embedding impedance. The mixer embedding impedance is simulated to be around 35Ω-j10Ω in the whole operation band. The mixer relative bandwidth can reach 36%. The simulation results are in good agreement with the calculated results according to the theoretical model. The calculation results provide helpful instruction for the future development of ultrawide band and highly sensitive superconducting HEB mixer.

       

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