基于约束差分进化的阵列置零
Antenna Array Null Steering Based on Constrained Differential Evolution Algorithm
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摘要: 阵列置零的同时,阵列的旁瓣电平升高、主瓣增益降低甚至阵列指向都会发生改变,导致阵列性能降低。针对阵列置零时阵列性能降低问题,提出一种约束优化模型。在约束优化模型中不仅设置了零陷深度约束和近旁瓣电平约束,还设置了阵列期望方向增益约束及阵列指向约束。在满足约束条件下,使得阵列旁瓣电平最低。并且针对标准约束差分进化算法收敛慢,采用自适应约束差分进化(e-SADE)算法,该算法采用多种变异方式相结合、自适应地调节交叉概率和缩放因子。运用自适应约束差分进化分别通过调节阵元相位和阵列功率一定时的阵元权值求解这个约束优化问题,仿真结果表明提出的方法实现了需求的目标方向图,利用自适应约束差分进化算法优化实现阵列置零是有效可行的。Abstract: When adjusting the weights of antenna array elements, the beam pattern will also be changed, this may lead to higher sidelobe levels and steering direction change. In order to alleviate the changes during pattern nulling, pattern nulling problem was modeled as a constraint optimization problem. The nulling depth, near sidelobe level, desired direction gain and stable desired steering direction are set as constraints. The sidelobe level is set as the optimization function. Then, e-self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm was applied to solve the problem by adjusting weights and phase of the elements respectively. The algorithm adjusted scale factor, crossover rate adaptively and mutation strategy according to the computation process. Simulation results show that the proposed method successfully design patterns with preferred nulling level,near sidelobe level, desired direction gain and stable desired steering direction.