Abstract: Cancer is a set of diseases, claimed the death of over 7. 6 million people each year all over the world. Because of the complexity of the symptoms and the variety of causes ,diversified comprehensive diagnosis and treatment is particularly important to curb or cure cancer. Terahertz radiation (T-rays, THz) accounts for the band between 30um-lmm (10THz-100GHz) of the electromagnetic radiation. Due to the characteristic properties of THz and new development of terahertz source , there has been an increasing interest in the biological applications of THz technologies, especially in the cancer spectroscopic studies and potential therapies. In this paper some up-to-date achievements and developing trends were introduced and the security and challenges issues were revealed, which would help to reveal THz applications in the treatment of cancer from the perspective of the thermal damage and nonlinear resonance biological effect.