Simulation Model of Satellite-borne Microwave Apparent Brightness Temperature over Rough Sea Surface

In view of the demonstration requirements of the new satellite-borne microwave radiometer, a mathematical model of the apparent brightness temperature for typical bands is established by studying the emissivity models of calm and rough sea surfaces, combined with the atmospheric radiation model. The overall scheme of the apparent brightness temperature simulation model as well as the schemes for the emissivity simulation calculation modules of calm sea surface, wind speed affecting emissivity, wind direction affecting emissivity, and radiation transmission are designed. A simulation software for the apparent brightness temperature of the satellite-borne microwave radiometer is developed, enabling simulation calculations of the apparent brightness temperature under different atmospheric, sea surface wind, and sensor parameter conditions. The feasibility of the simulation model is verified, providing technical support for the integrated simulation demonstration of the satellite-borne microwave radiometer.